supabase auth + nuxt.js: a developers honest reaction and setup guide

introduction

let’s be honest: authentication is rarely the part of a project we look forward to building. it’s easy to underestimate the complexity – password hashing, session management, oauth flows, token refresh, and the endless edge cases that turn a “simple login” into a multi-day detour. when i started a recent full‑stack project with nuxt.js, i wanted to spend my time on features that mattered, not on auth boilerplate. that’s when i gave supabase auth a serious try.

this article is my hands‑on, honest reaction after wiring up supabase authentication inside a nuxt 3 application. i’ll walk you through exactly how i set it up, what impressed me, where i stumbled, and how you can avoid those pitfalls. whether you’re a coding student, a full‑stack engineer, or a devops‑minded developer who loves clean tooling, you’ll find a detailed, beginner‑friendly guide that goes way beyond the docs.

what makes supabase a full‑stack game‑changer?

supabase is often called “the open‑source firebase alternative”, but that tagline sells it short. it gives you a managed postgresql database with a real‑time engine, instant rest apis, file storage, and a powerful authentication system – all wrapped in a slick dashboard. for a full‑stack developer, this means you can build an entire back‑end without spinning up a single server, which drastically cuts devops overhead. the authentication component supports email/password, magic links, oauth with dozens of providers, and even phone logins.

what caught my attention was how naturally it plugs into the modern javascript ecosystem. instead of fighting cors issues or manually writing auth endpoints, you drop in a lightweight client library and let supabase handle the heavy lifting. the free tier is generous enough for side projects and mvps, and the code you write remains portable because it’s just postgres underneath. if you care about clean coding and rapid iteration, this is a massive productivity boost.

why nuxt.js? the seo‑friendly full‑stack framework

nuxt 3 is more than a vue.js meta‑framework. it brings server‑side rendering (ssr), file‑based routing, api routes, and a powerful module system to the table. for a public‑facing application, ssr is essential for seo – search engines can index your pages easily because the html is rendered on the server, not in a javascript‑only client. but nuxt also lets you write full‑stack code inside a single project. the server/ directory handles api routes, middleware protects pages, and composables share state between client and server.

pairing nuxt with supabase felt like the perfect match: supabase covers the database and auth, while nuxt delivers a performant, discoverable front‑end. both tools embrace developer experience, so i expected the integration to be smooth. was it? let’s get into the honest reaction.

my honest reaction: the good, the bad, and the “ah‑ha!” moments

the good: getting a login page working took me less than 15 minutes from scratch. the official @nuxtjs/supabase module auto‑injects a typed supabase client, manages the session cookie for you, and provides a convenient usesupabaseuser() composable. i didn’t have to write a single server route just to handle login. the magic‑link flow worked out of the box, and the row level security (rls) policies gave me fine‑grained control over data access – a huge win for coding best practices.

the bad: the learning curve around pkce (proof key for code exchange) and cookie settings was real. at first, i struggled with silent token refresh when a page loaded on the server. i also misconfigured the site url, which caused email confirmation links to redirect to the wrong path. the documentation is good, but some nuxt‑specific edge cases (like using usesupabaseclient inside server routes) require digging through github issues.

the “ah‑ha!” moment: once i realized that supabase’s gotrue client automatically refreshes the session and that nuxt middleware could be made fully reactive with usesupabaseuser, the whole architecture clicked. no more manual jwt decoding. no more worrying about token expiry. the combination felt like having a senior devops engineer who silently handles the plumbing while i focus on building features.

project setup: supabase + nuxt 3 from scratch

let’s build this together. i’ll assume you have node.js 18+ and a supabase account (the free tier is fine). by the end, you’ll have a nuxt app with full email/password authentication, protected routes, and the confidence to extend it.

creating a supabase project

head to app.supabase.com and create a new project. note the project url and the anon public key from settings > api. these are your doorways into the supabase back‑end. the anon key is safe to expose in your client code because row level security will protect your data.

initializing a nuxt 3 application

open your terminal and run:

npx nuxi@latest init supabase-nuxt-auth
cd supabase-nuxt-auth
npm install

next, install the official supabase module:

npm install @nuxtjs/supabase

configuring environment variables

create a .env file in the root and paste your supabase credentials. nuxt’s runtime config will read these automatically.

supabase_url=https://your-project.supabase.co
supabase_key=your-anon-key

never commit the .env file. add it to your .gitignore right away.

adding the supabase module

update nuxt.config.ts to register the module and map the environment variables. this small piece of configuration is where the “devops magic” happens – it connects your front‑end to the supabase back‑end without any manual wiring.

// nuxt.config.ts
export default definenuxtconfig({
  modules: ['@nuxtjs/supabase'],
  supabase: {
    url: process.env.supabase_url,
    key: process.env.supabase_key,
    redirect: false, // we'll handle our own redirects
  },
  runtimeconfig: {
    public: {
      supabaseurl: process.env.supabase_url,
      supabasekey: process.env.supabase_key,
    },
  },
})

restart your dev server. the module now injects $supabase and a set of composables into your entire app. no need to manually create a plugin – it’s all handled behind the scenes.

implementing authentication: the coding deep‑dive

with the plumbing in place, let’s write the actual auth features. i’ll show you real code snippets you can copy, pace, and adapt.

building the login page

create pages/login.vue. we’ll use the usesupabaseclient composable to call the signinwithpassword method. the beauty here is that the supabase module automatically sets a secure http‑only cookie for the session – no manual token storage needed.

<template>
  <div>
    <h2>login</h2>
    <form @submit.prevent="handlelogin">
      <input v-model="email" type="email" placeholder="email" required />
      <input v-model="password" type="password" placeholder="password" required />
      <button type="submit">log in</button>
    </form>
    <p v-if="error" class="error">{{ error }}</p>
  </div>
</template>

<script setup>
const client = usesupabaseclient()
const router = userouter()
const email = ref('')
const password = ref('')
const error = ref('')

async function handlelogin() {
  error.value = ''
  const { data, error: loginerror } = await client.auth.signinwithpassword({
    email: email.value,
    password: password.value,
  })
  if (loginerror) {
    error.value = loginerror.message
    return
  }
  // navigate to a protected page on success
  router.push('/dashboard')
}
</script>

notice how we didn’t write a single api route. supabase’s client library directly communicates with the auth service, and the session cookie is managed by the nuxt module. this is full‑stack coding without the server boilerplate.

handling sign‑up and email confirmation

for registration, add a similar page (pages/register.vue) that calls signup. supabase can send a confirmation email out of the box. to make that work, you must configure the redirect url inside your supabase dashboard under authentication > url configuration – set the site url to http://localhost:3000 for development. this is a common pitfall where a misconfigured url silently breaks email verification.

// inside your register form handler
const { data, error } = await client.auth.signup({
  email: email.value,
  password: password.value,
  options: {
    emailredirectto: `${window.location.origin}/confirm`,
  },
})

after sign‑up, the user receives an email. on click, they are redirected back to your app, and supabase automatically exchanges the token. you can listen for that event with the usesupabaseuser composable – which updates reactively when the session changes.

protecting routes with middleware

nuxt middleware runs on both server and client, which is perfect for guarding pages. create middleware/auth.ts:

export default definenuxtroutemiddleware((to, from) => {
  const user = usesupabaseuser()
  // during ssr, the user ref might initially be null.
  // the module eventually hydrates it after the cookie is read.
  // we check if 'user' is available; if not, redirect after client-side mount.
  if (!user.value) {
    // on first render, the supabase module may still be loading the session.
    // we use a small client-side check to avoid redirecting prematurely.
    if (process.client) {
      return navigateto('/login')
    }
  }
})

then, on any protected page (e.g., pages/dashboard.vue), add:

definepagemeta({
  middleware: ['auth']
})

this ensures that unauthenticated users are bounced to /login. the middleware integrates seamlessly with supabase’s reactive user state – a true full‑stack guardrail.

the logout flow: clearing the session

logout is straightforward. call signout from the client, and the module will remove the session cookie. a typical user menu button might look like:

const client = usesupabaseclient()
const router = userouter()

await client.auth.signout()
router.push('/')

because the cookie is http‑only, javascript cannot tamper with it – a nice security property that supabase enforces by default.

ssr and seo considerations: don’t lose your rankings

when you fetch user‑specific data on the server, nuxt’s ssr will pre‑render the page with the authenticated state. this can cause hydration mismatches if the client hasn’t yet restored the session. the fix is wrapping any ui that depends on the user with <clientonly> or using the usesupabaseuser composable inside onmounted. for public content that benefits from seo, you can safely fetch data from supabase using the server-side client and render it as static html. search engines will see a fully populated page, boosting your rankings.

for example, a blog post page could use the supabase server client inside useasyncdata:

<script setup>
const { data: post } = await useasyncdata('post', async () => {
  const client = usesupabaseclient() // works on server too!
  const { data } = await client.from('posts').select().eq('id', route.params.id).single()
  return data
})
</script>

this approach delivers server‑rendered, seo‑friendly content while still leveraging supabase’s real‑time database.

full‑stack magic: connecting auth to database

authentication alone isn’t enough – you need to secure your data. supabase uses row level security (rls) on postgres. by default, tables are inaccessible. to let authenticated users read their own profile, you write a policy like:

create policy "users can view own profile"
on public.profiles
for select
using (auth.uid() = id);

then, from your nuxt app, simply query the table:

const client = usesupabaseclient()
const user = usesupabaseuser()
const { data: profile } = await client
  .from('profiles')
  .select('*')
  .eq('id', user.value.id)
  .single()

because rls runs on the database level, even if someone steals your anon key, they can only access data that the policy permits. this is devops‑grade security without extra code. you can also create protected api endpoints using nuxt’s server/api directory. the supabase module exposes the server‑side client automatically, so you can verify the user session inside any route handler.

// server/api/secret.ts
export default defineeventhandler(async (event) => {
  const client = usesupabaseclient()
  const { data: { user } } = await client.auth.getuser()
  if (!user) throw createerror({ statuscode: 401, message: 'unauthorized' })
  return { secret: 'this is protected data only for ' + user.email }
})

common pitfalls and how to avoid them

• misconfigured site url: if email confirmation links redirect to localhost:3000/404, check authentication > url configuration in supabase. match it exactly with your app’s base url.
• hydration mismatch on reload: wrap user‑dependent ui in <clientonly> or use onmounted to avoid server‑rendered fallback states.
• missing cookie attributes: for production, set samesite: 'lax' and secure: true in the nuxt.config.ts supabase options to avoid browser warnings and ensure cookies are sent over https.
• overly permissive rls: always lock down tables with policies that use auth.uid(). do not leave tables without rls unless you want public data.
• token refresh assumptions: the sdk refreshes tokens automatically, but if you make manual fetch calls, you must listen for onauthstatechange to stay in sync.

devops and deployment: going live

when you’re ready to ship, deploy your nuxt application to vercel, netlify, or a node server. add your production environment variables (supabase_url, supabase_key) in the hosting provider’s dashboard – never commit them to your repository. for a true devops pipeline, you can connect supabase to a github repo via their dashboard and run database migrations automatically. i also recommend enabling the “custom smtp” in supabase auth to send emails from your own domain, boosting deliverability.

if you’re using nuxt’s server routes for sensitive operations, deploy with a runtime that supports ssr (like a node server) rather than pure static hosting. this ensures your server‑side supabase client can verify sessions securely. with proper ci/cd, every push can trigger a new deployment while supabase handles the database scaling in the background – a setup that feels like having a dedicated infrastructure team.

final verdict: is supabase auth worth it for nuxt developers?

after building two real projects with this stack, i can confidently say: yes, it absolutely is. supabase auth with nuxt 3 removes the most tedious parts of authentication engineering. you get robust security, excellent developer experience, and a free tier that’s generous enough for learning and production‑light applications. the @nuxtjs/supabase module is well‑maintained, and the community is active – which matters when you’re knee‑deep in a midnight debugging session.

there are rough edges, especially around cookie handling and ssr hydration, but once you understand the flow, everything becomes second nature. as a full‑stack developer who values both coding speed and seo performance, i can now spin up an authenticated nuxt app in under an hour and spend the rest of my time on features that delight users. give it a try – you might just find yourself writing a similarly honest (and enthusiastic) reaction post.